| Fackel
KA Köln-Stammheim 2200 m³ |
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GAS FLARES FOR DIGESTER
GAS/BIOGAS
FUNCTION
The gas flares have the task of burning digester gas if an utilisation
by the combined heat and power unit or the heating is not available. The
flares have to ensure that no unburned gas will be blown into the
atmosphere. Thus hazards for humans and the environment are avoided.
CONSTRUCTION
The gas flare is composed of a flare burner and a flare substructure. It
is designed according to the principle of an injection burner and
consists of a nozzle, an injector with an air flow regulation, a flame
protection tube, a fitting group and a flare control system. The gas
flare is totally made out of stainless steel, whereas gas contacting
parts are done in stainless steel AISI 316 Ti.
The flare burner is made up of the flame protection tube, the injector
and its supporting structure, the ignition and the flame monitoring. The
flame protection tube and the injector are made out of stainless steel
AISI 309.
The flare substructure bears the flare burner and takes up the
vertically installed fitting group. On demand it is able to provide it
with a sheet-metal covering for protecting the fittings from the
weather. Then a door enables a good accessibility.
The fitting group consists of a magnetic or motor-driven valve (slow
opening, fast closing,
de-energised closed), a flame arrester and two pressure switches.
The flare control system is fitted in a control cabinet out of stainless
steel that is mounted on the flare substructure. The internal wiring to
the fitting group, the ignition and the flame monitoring is completely
done before delivery.
MODE OF OPERATION
Surplus gas is able to be burnt off by the flare once an adequate signal
sets the flare into operation. Normally this signal is provided by the
filling level indication of the gas holder. If the gas holder reaches
its maximum filling level, the starting signal for the gas flare will be
released.
Then the flare control system initiates the ignition and opens the
magnetic or motor-driven valve. The gas is now able to run through the
valve and the flame arrester and is discharged with a high exit speed
into the injector by the nozzle.
Caused by the high speed of the gas the necessary combustion air is
sucked into the injector from outside and a combustible gas/air mixture
forms. Leaving the injector this mixture is ignited by an ignition
electrode and burns off inside the flame protection tube. This tube
provides a wind protection for a colourless burning flame.
Once the gas has been ignited and a steady flame has been established
the flare will burn until the filling level indication of the gas holder
will send a shut-down signal. Then the magnetic or motor-driven valve
will close and the burning process will be finished. An automatic
restart of the gas flare will take place as soon as the starting
condition, i.e. the maximum filling level of the gas holder, is
fulfilled again.
As an alternative to the filling level indication of the gas holder, the
fluctuating gas pressure in the gas system can be used for switching the
gas flare on and off. For this purpose there are two pressure switches
available to adjust a maximum and minimum pressure as switch-on and
shut-down value.
The control cabinet contains the whole control system for the flame
monitoring and the ignition of the flare. An ignition transformer feeds
the ignition electrode that directly ignites the exhausting gas/air
mixture at the injector. The combustion is monitored by an ionisation
electrode that controls the ionisation current produced by the flame. If
this ionisation current breaks down at a failure of the flame, it will
be detected by the ionisation electrode and a
re-ignition will be initiated by the automatic firing device. In case of
a long running failure of the flame the gas supply will be interrupted
and a malfunction message will be displayed.
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